Richard poses a dilemma to unitarians: “if we say that in true Divinity there exists only one person, just as there is only one substance, then without doubt according to this He will not have anyone with whom He could share that infinite abundance of His fullness.”

This lack might have one of two sources: Either God is incapable or unwilling to have Another: “Would it be because even though he wished to, He could not have one who would share with Him? Or is it because He would not wish to, even if He could?” This God is either not omnipotent, or He is selfish, suffering either “a defect of power” or a “defect of benevolence.”

He concludes: “if He would not be absolutely unwilling to have one to share with Him when He really could if He wanted, then observe, I ask you, what a defect of benevolence this would be in a divine person and how great it would be.” Who would worship such a God?